연어의 종류

사실 일반사람이 연어 구분하기엔 매우 어려울 것 같습니다.

대부분이 산란기 변화에 따라 구분이 용이함을 알 수 있습니다.

   

1. King(Chinook) Salmon

   검은 입, 검은 잇몸, 산란기 때는 은색에서 갈색으로 변함

      

2. Coho (Silver) Salmon

   검은입, 하얀 잇몸, 산란기 때는 녹색 빛깔의 검정 머리, 고동색의 몸 색으로 변함

      

3. Sockeye(Red) Salmon

   산란기, 녹색 머리와 붉은 몸통으로 변함

      

4. Chum(Dog, Keta,Calico) Salmon

   산란기, 올리브 녹색으로 발전하며 간간히 붉은 줄이 생김

      

5. Pink (Humpy) Salmon

   산란기, 등에 혹이 생기며 배 부분은 매우 하얀색으로 변함

      

   

Chinook

Latin Name	Oncorhynchus tschawytscha
Other Common Names	Spring, King, Tyee
Average Commercial Weight	9 kg (20 lbs)
Average Commercial Size	56 cm – 81 cm (22 inches – 32 inches)
Life Cycle	4 – 7 years
Migration	Chinook migrate upstream from the spring through the fall as far as 1,500 kilometres (932 miles) inland. Chinook fry may go to sea soon after hatching, or after one to two years in fresh water.
Outer Appearance	Small eyes Black gums Small round spots on its back, dorsal fin and tail Thick caudal 13 – 19 anal rays
Flesh Colour	Ranges from ivory white to deep red

 

Chum

Latin Name	Oncorhynchus keta
Other Common Names	Silver-bright, Keta (when canned)
Average Commercial Weight	3.5 kg (8 lbs)
Average Commercial Size	56 cm – 66 cm (22 inches – 26 inches)
Life Cycle	3 – 5 years
Migration	Chum salmon generally spawn in late fall and usually in the lower tributaries along the coast, rarely more than 150 kilometres (93 miles) inland. Fry emerge in the spring and go directly to sea.
Outer Appearance	Dark metallic blue-green back with silver sides and belly Develop dark vertical bars called watermarks on their sides as they mature and migrate to fresh water Large pupil Large mouth with maxillary extending behind the eye No spots on the back, dorsal fin or tail Narrow caudal 13 – 17 anal rays
Flesh Colour	Reddish-pink Becomes paler as fish migrates upstream

 

Coho

Latin Name	Oncorhynchus kisutch
Other Common Names	Silver, Medium-red (when canned)
Average Commercial Weight	2 kg – 5.5 kg (4 lbs – 12 lbs)
Average Commercial Size	56 cm – 66 cm (22 inches - 26 inches)
Life Cycle	3 years
Migration	Adult coho usually return to fresh water between late summer and early fall. Most choose streams close to the ocean, although some will journey as far as 1,500 kilometres (932 miles) inland. Young coho fry are different than the other salmon species as they stay in their spawning stream for a full year after they emerge from the gravel.
Outer Appearance	White gums Spots above lateral line and on upper lobe Thick caudal Silver colour adjacent to caudal
Flesh Colour	Vibrant reddish-orange

 

Pink

Latin Name	Oncorhynchus gorbusha
Other Common Names	Humpback, Humpie
Average Commercial Weight	2 kg (4 lbs)
Average Commercial Size	35 cm – 46 cm (14 inches – 18 inches)
Life Cycle	2 years
Migration	Pink salmon fry migrate to the sea as soon as they emerge from the gravel and live almost their entire two years in ocean feeding areas. Adults leave the ocean in the late summer and early fall and usually spawn in streams, not fed by lakes, that are a short distance from the sea.
Outer Appearance	Shiny silvery skin Large black oval spots on the back and tail Develop a hump on their back when spawning Very small scales 13 – 17 anal rays
Flesh Colour	Light rose-pink

 

Sockeye

Latin Name	Oncorhynchus nerka
Other Common Names	Red Salmon (when canned)
Average Commercial Weight	2.7 kg (6 lbs)
Average Commercial Size	51 cm – 61 cm (20 inches – 24 inches)
Life Cycle	5 years
Migration	Sockeye spawn in streams with lakes in their watershed and stay in those lakes for one to three years before migrating to sea. They move rapidly out of the estuaries and thousands of miles into the Gulf of Alaska and North Pacific Ocean where they feed. They return to their spawning stream when they are three to, at times, even six years old.
Outer Appearance	Small black speckles on its deep blue-green back and silver sides No spots on the tail Slender and firm body Develop a bright red body and green head when spawning Large and distinct scales 13 – 18 anal rays
Flesh Colour	Deep red to orange red

   

출처: <http://www.bcsalmon.ca/wild-bc-salmon/five-salmon-species>